Nature vs. Nurture

The nature vs. nurture debate is one of the oldest, and most fascinating discussions in the context of psychology. It asks if we are shaped by our genetics (nature) or out environment and the experiences we have throughout our lives (nurture). Both are very important in shaping who we are, however, it is still unclear whether one is more influential than the other.

What is Nature?

Nature refers to genetic and biological factors that influence who we are. This includes a range of inherited factors such as intelligence, behaviour, and personality, as well as our DNA. In the psychology context, conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and attention-deficit hyperactivity-disorder (ADHD) have been shown to be influenced by genetic predispositions in some cases through the use of twin studies. However, as the debate suggests, it is still not known if there is a specific genetic cause for such disorders.

What is Nurture?

Nurture refers to the influence of environmental factors and includes a range of factors such as our cultural background, educational experiences, social connections, our upbringing, and other life experiences. For example, a child who was raised in a supportive environment, with access to appropriate resources such as food and education may have different developmental outcomes to someone who did not experience the same. Again, as the debate suggests, this is not always the case.

The Interplay Between Nature and Nurture

So far, we know that nature and nurture both play an important role, and they do not operate in isolation, there is something in the interaction between the two that shapes who we are. An example of this is a child who is athletically talented (nature). Quality coaching, motivation to practice, financial support, and access to transportation all contribute to their development (nurture). If the child has access to these resources, their talent is more likely to be nurtured, leading to success. However, without these resources, even a talented child may struggle to reach their potential. Conversely, a child with less natural talent but access to such resources could still achieve success in sports. This example illustrates how both talent (nature) and access to resources (nurture) shape the likelihood of success.

Conclusion

In the end, both nature and nurture are essential factors when it comes to understanding human development. Our genetics can provide a foundation, while our life experiences help build and shape us. Rather than choosing one over the other, recognizing the importance of both factors is essential in better understanding ourselves and others, and appreciating the unique ways in which our genes and environments come together to shape who we become.

Find out more here: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK50991/